Výrazy / Skriptovací jazyk
Multi-line scripting language with syntax highlighting, usable in smart rules Equation, Formula and Script, and also in Modbus and Packet parser interfaces.
Basics
Association
Mu := Se + 2;
Multi-line algorithm
Each line is divided by semicolon
Last := Current; Current := 0;
Returned value
Result of last line of code
RETURN(expression) stops execution of algorighm and returns content inside brackets
(Co2 > 800) AND (Wind < 10); equals: RETURN((CO2 > 800) and (Wind < 10));
Temporary variable
Lives within the single execution of the script.
VAR X := 5;
IF clause
Excel style
IF(logical_expression, value_if_true, value_if_false); IF(logical_expression, value_if_true);
Multi-line style
IF X < 5 RETURN(1); ELSEIF X > 10 RETURN(3); ELSE RETURN(0); END
Switch
Testuje výraz proti seznamu případů a vrací odpovídající hodnotu prvního porovnávacího případu s výchozí hodnotou, pokud není splněno nic jiného.
SWITCH(expression, case1, value1, [case2, ...], [value2, ...], default_value)
Example:
SWITCH( MODBUSR(H, 168, UInt16), 0, 0, 0x0002, 1, 0x0004, 2, 0x0008, 3, 0x0010, 4, 0x0040, 5, 0x0800, 6, NaN)
NaN (not a number) value
NaN can be returned as a value in case real value is not known.
IF Temperature > 250 RETURN(NaN);
ISNAN(expression) function
Returns TRUE if expression is not a number.
ISNULL
Returns true if the parameter is NULL, false otherwise. Used for String and Bytearray types. Example: if XML element is not found, returned value ISNULL.
The syntax of the function is:
ISNULL(object)
Sleep
Sleeps the script for number of miliseconds. Use only in very specific cases.
SLEEP(5);
Comments
New line starting with character #
# comment
Numeric literals
Hexadecimální čísla
Výrazy mohou také interpretovat hexadecimální čísla. Je vyžadována předpona 0x a zbytek nerozlišuje velká a malá písmena.
0x0A = 10
0xA0A0 (41120) 0xa0a0 (41120)
Binary numbers
0b1010 = 10
0b10101010 (170)
Matematické výrazy
+, -, *, /
(20.5 + 9.5) / 2 (15)
Logické výrazy
AND, OR, !, =, !=, >, <
(!IsRaining OR (Wind>30)) MultiValueSwitchState != 2 (Not equal to 2)
Funkce
LINEAR
Vrátí lineárně upravenou hodnotu - lineární interpolaci.
LINEAR(input, value1_input, value1_output, value2_input, value2_output, [type])
Parametry
- input … vstupní hodnota
- value1_input … hodnota na vstupu na dolní hranici
- value1_output … hodnota na výstupu na dolní hranici
- value2_input … hodnota na vstupu na horní hranici
- value2_output … hodnota na výstupu na horní hranici
- [type] … volitelný parametr. Definuje, jaký má být výsledek, když vstupní hodnota je mimo rozsah value1_input ↔︎ value2_input:
- bez parametru (totéž jako s parametrem BOUNDS) … Pokud je vstupní hodnota mimo definovaný rozsah, výstupní hodnota bude jedna z extrémů (minimální nebo maximální)
- INFINITE … Pokud je vstupní hodnota mimo definovaný rozsah, výsledek je extrapolovaná hodnota
- STRICT … Pokud je vstupní hodnota mimo definovaný rozsah, výstupní hodnota bude NaN (ne číslo)
Examples
Example 1: LINEAR(250, 0,0, 50,500) (Result is 25°C)
Example 2: LINEAR(Co2, 400,0, 1200,1)
(If value from Co2 sensor is 400ppm, output for air recovery will be 0%.
If Co2 is 1200, output will be 100%. And if e.g. Co2=800, output will be 50%)
Příklady různých atributů [type]:
- input = 11
- value1_input = 0, value1_output = 400
- value2_input = 10, value2_output = 2000
- výsledek pro různé parametry [type]:
- BOUNDS (výchozí hodnota) = 2000
- INFINITE = 2160
- STRICT = NaN
HYSTERESIS
Hysteresis can be used to filter signals so that the output reacts less rapidly than it otherwise would by taking recent system history into account. For example, a thermostat controlling a heater may switch the heater on when the temperature drops below A, but not turn it off until the temperature rises above B.
Returns 0 or 1.
HYSTERESIS(value, upper_bound, lower_bound, upper_output, lower_output, last_value)
Example: maintain a temperature of 20 °C within 2 ºC hysteresis range. Turn the heater on when the temperature drops to below 18 °C and off when the temperature exceeds 22 °C).
heater := HYSTERESIS(temperature, 22, 18, 0, 1, heater);
Matematické funkce
MIN
MIN(value1, value2)
Vrací menší z obou hodnot.
MAX
MAX(value1, value)
Vrací větší z obou hodnot.
ROUND
ROUND(value1)
Vrátí zaokrouhlenou hodnotu.
Example 1: ROUND(2.01) (Result is 2) Example 2: ROUND(2.49) (Result is 2) Example 3: ROUND(2.5) (Result is 3) Example 4: ROUND(2.99) (Result is 3)
ABS
The ABS function returns the absolute value (i.e. the modulus) of any supplied number.
ABS(number)
Examples:
ABS(100) ... 100 ABS(-100) ... 100
DEWPOINT
DEWPOINT(temperature, relativeHumidity)Vrátí teplotu rosného bodu vzhledem k aktuální teplotě a relativní vlhkosti. Rosný bod se počítá podle této rovnice: http://bmcnoldy.rsmas.miami.edu/Humidity.html.
Example 1: DEWPOINT(20, 50) (Result is ~9.26) Example 2: DEWPOINT(0, 100) (Result is 0)
POWER
The POWER function calculates a given number, raised to a supplied power.
POWER(number, power)
Examples:
POWER(2,3) … 2^3 = 8
POWER(10, -3) … 0,001
POWER(25, 0) … 1
MOD
The MOD function returns the remainder of a division between two supplied numbers.
MOD(number, divisor)
Arguments:
number - The number to be divided.
divisor - The value that the number argument is divided by.
Examples:
MOD(6, 4) … 2
MOD(6, 2.5) … 1
CEIL
The CEIL function rounds a supplied number away from zero, to the nearest multiple of a given number.
CEIL(number, significance)
Arguments:
number - The number that is to be rounded.
significance (optional) - The multiple of significance that the supplied number should be rounded to. If the significance is not specified, then it is equal to 1.
(This should generally have the same arithmetic sign (positive or negative) as the supplied number argument)
Examples:
CEIL(22.25,0.1) … 22.3
CEIL(22.25,1) … 23
CEIL(22.25) … 23
CEIL(-22.25,-1) … -23
CEIL(-22.25,1) … -22
CEIL(-22.25) … -22
CEIL(-22.25,-5) … -25
FLOOR
The FLOOR function rounds a supplied number towards zero to the nearest multiple of a specified significance.
FLOOR(number, significance)
Arguments:
number - The number that is to be rounded.
significance (optional) -The multiple of significance that the supplied number is to be rounded to. If the significance is not specified, then it is equal to 1.
(This should generally have the same arithmetic sign (positive or negative) as the supplied number argument)
Examples:
FLOOR(22.25,0.1)… 22.2
FLOOR(22.25,1) … 22
FLOOR(22.25) … 22
FLOOR(-22.25,-1) … -22
FLOOR(-22.25,1) … -23
FLOOR(-22.25) … -23
FLOOR(-22.25,-5) … -20
RAND
The Rand function generates a random real number between 0 and 1.
RAND()
Examples:
RAND()
RANDINT
The RANDINT function generates a random integer between two supplied integers.
RANDINT(bottom, top)
Examples:
RANDINT(1,5)
RANDINT(-2,2)
SIGN
The SIGN function returns the arithmetic sign (+1, -1 or 0) of a supplied number. I.e. if the number is positive, the SIGN function returns +1, if the number is negative, the function returns -1 and if the number is 0 (zero), the function returns 0.
SIGN(number)
Examples:
SIGN(100) … 1
SIGN(0) … 0
SIGN(-100) … -1
SQRT
The SQRT function calculates the positive square root of a supplied number.
SQRT(number)
Examples:
SQRT(25) … 5
LOG
The LOG function calculates the logarithm of a given number, to a supplied base.
LOG(number, base)
Arguments:
number - The positive real number that you want to calculate the logarithm of.
base (optional) - An optional argument that specifies the base to which the logarithm should be calculated.
If the argument is not specified, then the base argument uses the default value 10.
Examples:
LOG(4,0.5) … -2
LOG(100) … 2
LN
The LN function calculates the natural logarithm of a given number.
LN(number)
where the number argument is the positive real number that you want to calculate the natural logarithm of.
Examples:
LN(100) … 4,60517
Bitové operace
GETBIT
Returns a value of a bit in the specified position.
GETBIT(number, bit_position)
Arguments:
number - number to extract value of specific bit from
bit_position - position of bit, starting with 0, from right
Examples:
GETBIT(2, 0) → first bit of number 2 (0b0010) is 0
GETBIT(4,2) → third bit of number 4 (0b0100) is 1
GETBITS
Returns value of specified number of bits in the specified position.
GETBITS(number, start_bit, number_of_bits)
Examples:
GETBITS(216, 3, 2) → number 216 = 0b1101 1000; value of 4th bit from the right is 1, 5th bit is 1, therefore result is 0b0011 = 3
GETBITS(0xFF, 0, 4) → number 0xFF = 255 = 0b1111 1111; value of first 4 bits from right is 0b1111 = 0xF = 15
GETBYTE
Returns a value of a byte in the specified number or byte array.
GETBYTE( number, byte_position ) GETBYTE( byte_array, byte_position )
Arguments:
number - number to extract value of specific byte from
byte_position - position of byte, starting from 0, from right
Examples:
GETBYTE(256, 0) → 0001 0000 0000 → 0 GETBYTE(256, 1) → 0001 0000 0000 → 1 GETBYTE(259, 0) → 0001 0000 0011 → 3
GETBYTE(BYTEARRAY(“00 01”), 0) (Result is 0) GETBYTE(BYTEARRAY(“00 02 06”), 2) (Result is 6)
SETBYTE
Assigns a new value to the specified byte in the provided number or byte array, and returns assigned value.
SETBYTE( number, byte_position, new_value ) SETBYTE( byte_array, byte_position, new_value )
Examples:
SETBYTE(1, 0, 0) → 0 SETBYTE(256, 0, 255) → 511 SETBYTE(256, 1, 1) → 256 SETBYTE(259, 1, 2) → 515
SETBYTE(BYTEARRAY(“00 01”), 0, 1) (Result is 1, byte array is changed to ‘01 01’)
SETBIT
Assigns a new value to the specified bit in the provided number and returns a new number.
SETBIT(number, bit_position, new_value)
Arguments:
number - number to be modified
bit_position - position of bit, starting with 0, from right
new_value - 0 or 1 - value that is going to be set to specified bit
Examples:
SETBIT(1, 1, 1) → 3
SETBIT(3, 1, 1) → 3
SETBIT(4, 2, 0) → 4
SETBIT(12, 1, 0) → 14
SETBITS
Assigns a new value to the specified bits in the provided number and returns a new number.
SETBITS(number, start_bit, number_of_bits, new_value)
Examples:
SETBITS(192, 4, 2, 3) → 240
SETBITS(192, 5, 2, 3) → 224
<< (LEFT BIT SHIFT)
8 << 2 (32)
Excel: BITLSHIFT(number, shift_amount)
>> (RIGHT BIT SHIFT)
32 >> 2 (8)
Excel: BITRSHIFT(number, shift_amount)
& (BITWISE AND)
3 & 1 (1)
Excel: BITAND(number1, number2)
| (BITWISE OR)
2 | 1 (3)
Excel: BITOR(number1, number2)
See the example of bit operations in Google Sheets:
https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1hF5FMpGMJbgYh-YLwWrq2n186_ATyGyLUb689__IhLY/edit?usp=sharing
Or try interactive tool at http://bitwisecmd.com/
Text, String and Byte array
LENGTH
Return length of an object or number of bytes. Object can be a number, boolean, string or bytearray.
LENGTH( object )
Examples:
LENGTH(“Hello World”) (Result is 11) LENGTH(“40”) (Result is 2) LENGTH(40) (Result is 8) LENGTH(BYTEARRAY(“010203”) (Result is 3)
BYTEARRAY
Creates a byte array from specified hexadecimal values
BYTEARRAY( bytes )
Examples:
BYTEARRAY(“010203”) (Result is byte array 010203) BYTEARRAY(“aa, be1-1,fe”) (Result is byte array aabe11fe)
INDEXOF
Returns index of specified element in string or byte array. -1 if element cannot be found.
INDEXOF( string/byte array, element )
Examples:
INDEXOF("Hello", “H”) (Result is 0)
INDEXOF("Hello World", “Wor”) (Result is 6)
INDEXOF("Hello World", “Wor”) (Result is 6)
INDEXOF("Hello World", “or12”) (Result is -1)
INDEXOF(BYTEARRAY("ab cd ee ff 01 02"), 2) (Result is 5)
COPY
Copies specified string or byte array (or part of them)
COPY( string/byte array, startIndex, length)
Examples:
COPY("Hello") (Result is “Hello”)
COPY("Hello World", 2) (Result is “llo World”)
COPY("Hello World", 2, 4) (Result is “llo ”)
COPY(BYTEARRAY("01020304") (Result is byte array 01020304)
COPY(BYTEARRAY("01020304", 2, 1) (Result is byte array 03)
REPLACE
Returns a new string or bytearray, in which all occurrences of specified string or byte are replaced with new value.
REPLACE( string/byte array, oldValue, newValue)
Examples:
REPLACE("Hello", “l”, “”) (Result is “Heo”)
REPLACE("Hello", “lo”, “22”) (Result is “Hel22”)
REPLACE(BYTEARRAY(“050607"), 5, 9) (Result is byte array 090607)
ENCODE
Encodes specified string using on of the formats and returns the new string.
ENCODE( string, format )
Supported formats:
XML
Base64 (coming soon)
Examples:
ENCODE("Hello", “xml”) (Result is “Hello”)
ENCODE("<Hello id=1>", “xml”) (Result is “<Hello id=1>”)
DECODE
Decodes specified string using on of the formats and returns the new string.
DECODE( string, format )
Supported formats:
XML
Base64 (coming soon)
Examples:
DECODE("Hello", “xml”) (Result is “Hello”)
DECODE("<Hello id=1>", “xml”) (Result is “<Hello id=1>”)
Data type conversions
TODOUBLE
Converts string to number. Returns NaN on error.
TODOUBLE( text )
Examples:
TODOUBLE(“232”) ... 232) TODOUBLE(“-192.332”) ... -192.332 TODOUBLE(“some text”) ... NaN
TOSTRING
TapHome interně používá pouze číselné datové typy, ale v Modbus a Packet parser interfacích lze používat servisní atributy, které podporují i textové hodnoty.
Funkce vrací textovou hodnotu čísla, podle formátu specifikovaného druhým parametrem.
TOSTRING(number, format_specifier)
Examples:
TOSTRING(192, “X”) … Result = “C0” TOSTRING(192, “X4”) … Result = “00C0” TOSTRING(192, “F4”) … Result = “123.3400” TOSTRING(192, “F0”) … Result = “123”
Returns a string value of the specified byte array according to the specified encoding. Encoding is optional (iso-8859-1 is used by default).
TOSTRING( bytearray, encoding)
Examples:
TOSTRING(BYTEARRAY("48656c6c6f")) (Result is “Hello”)
TOSTRING(BYTEARRAY(\"48656c6c6f\"), “iso-8859-1”) (Result is “Hello”)
TOBCD
Converts the provided number to the binary-coded decimal (BCD) format. The scheme of encoding is BCD-8421.
TOBCD(number)
Examples:
TOBCD(1) ... 1 TOBCD(9) ... 9 TOBCD(10) ... 16
FROMBCD
Decodes the provided number, that is encoded in binary-coded decimal (BCD) format. The scheme of encoding is BCD-8421.
FROMBCD(number)
Examples:
FROMBCD(16) ... 10 FROMBCD(32) ... 20
TOBYTEARRAY
Converts string to byte array according to the specified encoding. Encoding is optional (iso-8859-1 is used by default).
TOBYTEARRAY( string, encoding )
Examples:
TOBYTEARRAY("Hello") (Result is byte array 48656c6c6f)
Parsing functions
PARSETEXT
Returns part of input text, based on left and right search patterns
PARSETEXT( input, left_pattern, right_pattern)
Examples:
PARSETEXT(“Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet”, “ipsum”, “amet”) (Result is “dolor sit”) PARSETEXT(“<temp>12.2</temp>”, “<temp>”, “</temp”) (Result is 12.2) PARSETEXT(“<temp>12.2</temp>”, “<temp>”) (Result is 12.2) PARSETEXT(“status:ok,error:none”, “status:”) (Result is “ok”) PARSETEXT(“Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet”, “ipsum”) (Result is “dolor”) PARSETEXT(“Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet”, “ipsum…sit”) (Result is “amet”) PARSETEXT(“Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipiscing”, “ipsum…sit”, “adipiscing”) (Result is “amet consectetur”)
PARSEJSON
Returns value of element from json formatted string. Element is specified with json path.
PARSEJSON( json_string, json_path, ignore_error)
Examples:
With json = { "firstName": "John",
"lastName" : "doe",
"age" : 26,
"address" : {
"streetAddress": "naist street",
"city" : "Nara",
"postalCode" : "630-0192"
}
}
PARSEJSON(json, “firstName”) (Result is “John”)
PARSEJSON(json, “address.city”) (Result is “Nara”)
PARSEJSON(json, “address.country”) (error)
PARSEJSON(json, “address.country”, 0) (error)
PARSEJSON(json, “address.city”, 1) (Result is null)
PARSEXML
Returns value of element from xml string. Element is specified with xml path.
PARSEXML( xml_string, xml_path)
Examples:
With xml= <?xml version="1.0"?> <catalog> <book id="bk101"> <author>Gambardella, Matthew</author> <title>XML Developer's Guide</title> <genre>Computer</genre> <price>44.95</price> <publish_date>2000-10-01</publish_date> <description>An in-depth look at creating...</description> </book> <book id="bk102"> <author>Ralls, Kim</author> <title>Midnight Rain</title> <genre>Fantasy</genre> <price>5.95</price> <publish_date>2000-12-16</publish_date> <description>A former architect battles…</description> </book> </catalog> PARSEXML(xml, “//catalog/book[1]/price”) (Result is 44.95) PARSEXML(xml, “//book[2]/title”) (Result is “Midnight Rain”) PARSEXML(xml, “//book[1]/@id”) (Result is “bk101”) PARSEXML(xml, “//catalog/magazine[1]/price”) (Result is null)
If xml contains namespaces, you have to fully specify element names with namespace, eg. PARSEXML(xml, "//DIDL-Lite:container[dc:title='My Playlist’']/DIDL-Lite:res");
Packet parser
SENDHTTPREQUEST
Sends http request with specified parameters, waits for response and returns response as JSON string with values as Content, Headers, Http result code. Function is supported only in Packet parser scripts with Http protocol.
SENDHTTPREQUEST( path, method, body, header1, header2… )
Examples:
SENDHTTPREQUEST("/getValue") Result is:
{
"Headers": [
{
"Key": "Content-Type", “Value": [“application/json"]
},
{
"Key": "Content-Length", “Value": ["1007"]
},
],
"Content": "{\"value\":31}”,
"ReasonPhrase": "OK",
"StatusCode": 200,
"IsSuccess": true
}
SENDHTTPREQUEST("/doSomething", “POST”, “someData”, “header1:value1”, “header2:value2”, “header3:value3”)
SENDDATA
Sends specified data (string or bytearray) using tcp or udp protocol. If data is a string object, it’s implicitly converted to bytes using iso-8859-1 encoding. Function is supported only in Packet parser scripts with TCP or UDP protocol. Received bytes can be processed in Listener script.
SENDDATA( string/bytearray )
Examples:
SENDATA(BYTEARRAY(“0a dd ef a2”)
SENDATA(“{\”value\”:212}”)
FTPDOWNLOAD
Returns file data (as byte array) from ftp server. Function is supported only in Packet parser scripts with FTP protocol.
FTPDOWNLOAD( pathToFile )
Examples:
FTPDOWNLOAD(“/path/to/file”) (Result is byte array)
FTPUPLOAD
Uploads data (byte array or string) to a file to ftp server.
FTPUPLOAD( pathToFile, data, mode )
Examples:
FTPUPLOAD(“/path/to/file”, “some data”, “write”) FTPUPLOAD(“/path/to/file”, BYTEARRAY(“a7 ff e2”), “append”)
COMPLETESERVICEATTRIBUTE
Function is used in listener scripts in packet parser with TCP/UDP protocol, to notify completion of service attribute value request. Eg. you create a request in service attribute script using the SENDDATA function and after receiving the data in listener script, you complete the service attribute read.
COMPLETESERVICEATTRIBUTE( attributeName, value, error )
Examples:
COMPLETESERVICEATTRIBUTE(“Uptime”, “2d:21h:43m”) COMPLETESERVICEATTRIBUTE(“Status”, “”, “Device is offline”)
COMPLETESERVICEACTION
Function is used in listener scripts in packet parser with TCP/UDP protocol, to notify completion of service action request. Eg. you create a request in service action script using the SENDDATA function and after receiving the data in listener script, you complete the service action.
COMPLETESERVICEACTION( actionName, result )
Examples:
COMPLETESERVICEACTION(“Reboot”, “Rebooted successfully”) COMPLETESERVICEACTION(“Enable cloud”, “Device is offline”)